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農(nóng)機化水平差距大 農(nóng)機推廣任重道遠(yuǎn)

2016-03-31 17:10:55 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 閱讀量：17160 評論

導(dǎo)讀：農(nóng)業(yè)機械化是現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的設(shè)備基礎(chǔ)，而我國的農(nóng)機化水平與國外相差好幾十年，推廣農(nóng)機化已經(jīng)刻不容緩。

       【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 行業(yè)要聞】3月5日，李克強總理在十二屆全國人大四次會議上所作的政府工作報告宣布“實施一批水利、農(nóng)機、現(xiàn)代種業(yè)等工程，推動農(nóng)業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營和區(qū)域化布局、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)、社會化服務(wù)”，這對農(nóng)機行業(yè)來說是一個振奮人心的消息。這將農(nóng)機發(fā)展推向了高潮，農(nóng)機發(fā)展也迎來了春天。農(nóng)業(yè)機械化是現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的設(shè)備基礎(chǔ)，而我國的農(nóng)機化水平與國外相差好幾十年，推廣農(nóng)機化已經(jīng)刻不容緩。

 
農(nóng)機化水平差距大 農(nóng)機推廣任重道遠(yuǎn)

       我國農(nóng)機化現(xiàn)狀

        現(xiàn)在國家提倡保護和提高耕地質(zhì)量，通過轉(zhuǎn)變農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式，走內(nèi)涵式增產(chǎn)的路子。這無疑是把農(nóng)機放在了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的重要位置。

        “目前，我國農(nóng)機化的總體水平不是很高，尤其是經(jīng)濟作物生產(chǎn)機械化水平較低，農(nóng)機裝備結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，不能滿足現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的需要。”農(nóng)業(yè)部農(nóng)機化司科教處調(diào)研員王國占表示。

        我國農(nóng)機產(chǎn)品總體技術(shù)水平與歐美發(fā)達(dá)國家相比，在自動化、智能化、全程化方面還有很大差距，特別是農(nóng)機產(chǎn)品過度依賴進(jìn)口。目前我國70%以上的先進(jìn)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工成套設(shè)備依賴進(jìn)口，大多數(shù)國產(chǎn)農(nóng)機產(chǎn)品僅相當(dāng)于發(fā)達(dá)國家上世紀(jì)70年代的水平。

        由于行業(yè)進(jìn)入門檻低，不少農(nóng)機企業(yè)特別是小型農(nóng)機企業(yè)缺乏研發(fā)能力，主要依靠仿制國外和國內(nèi)農(nóng)機企業(yè)產(chǎn)品為生。散亂無序的低水平競爭，制約了農(nóng)機化水平的整體提升。


       推廣農(nóng)機化的方法

        農(nóng)機合作社作為農(nóng)機社會化服務(wù)體系中的重要一員，在創(chuàng)新業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展模式、農(nóng)業(yè)機構(gòu)調(diào)整、發(fā)展適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營等方面發(fā)揮了不可替代的作用。農(nóng)機合作社已然成為我國推廣農(nóng)機化新技術(shù)、促進(jìn)農(nóng)機化事業(yè)發(fā)展的“*”。與一般農(nóng)戶相比，合作社的機械化作業(yè)水平要高出很多。

        為了推廣農(nóng)機化，很多地區(qū)都開展了農(nóng)機培訓(xùn)班，請專業(yè)人士為農(nóng)民講授農(nóng)機知識以及如何保養(yǎng)維修農(nóng)機。隨著農(nóng)業(yè)機械化，很多地區(qū)都農(nóng)機化水平升高了，可沒有專業(yè)的農(nóng)機手，當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)機保養(yǎng)跟維修就跟不上農(nóng)機化的水平，這對農(nóng)機化水平的提高是有阻礙的，通過農(nóng)機培訓(xùn)班，對農(nóng)民進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)地培訓(xùn)，了解農(nóng)機知識，可以讓農(nóng)民更好的運用農(nóng)機，不至于出現(xiàn)好農(nóng)機開不進(jìn)莊稼地的尷尬局面。


        隨著我國農(nóng)機化水平的日益提高，還需要提高農(nóng)民的農(nóng)機化意識，推廣農(nóng)機已經(jīng)是當(dāng)前農(nóng)機化重要的事情了。

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