傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)機(jī)市場(chǎng)下滑 一種新興市場(chǎng)正在崛起

2018-11-14 16:56:50 來源：中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：林言 閱讀量：49303 評(píng)論

　　【中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 編輯視角】 農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)素有“金九銀十”的說法，如今已進(jìn)入十一月份，回頭看今年的九月和十月，似乎并沒有“金”也沒有“銀”。從中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械流通協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)布的農(nóng)機(jī)市場(chǎng)景氣指數(shù)(AMI)可以看到，9月份的AMI較上個(gè)月有下行走勢(shì)，并沒有出現(xiàn)“金九”的增長(zhǎng)勢(shì)頭，而10月份更是在9月基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)下滑，創(chuàng)下五年來10月份的低值。同時(shí)，各品類的市場(chǎng)表現(xiàn)冷熱不均，一方面，拖拉機(jī)指數(shù)繼續(xù)在谷底徘徊，收獲機(jī)、耕整地機(jī)械和運(yùn)輸機(jī)械指數(shù)也大幅度下跌；另一方面，種植機(jī)械、田間管理機(jī)械指數(shù)環(huán)比小幅增長(zhǎng)。

中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)市場(chǎng)9月AMI
(圖表來源：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械流通協(xié)會(huì))

中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)市場(chǎng)10月AMI
(圖表來源：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械流通協(xié)會(huì))
 
　　雖然傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)機(jī)市場(chǎng)表現(xiàn)不佳，但這并不影響新型市場(chǎng)的崛起。作為行業(yè)的風(fēng)向標(biāo)，今年武漢農(nóng)機(jī)展上琳瑯滿目的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物機(jī)械向市場(chǎng)釋放了不小的信號(hào)：這是一個(gè)有市場(chǎng)潛力的領(lǐng)域。
 
　　受近年來農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整等因素的影響，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)作物的種植規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大，但同時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)作物品類眾多、種植結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，人工成本大、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益低，因此實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)作物生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化能對(duì)其產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生巨大的推動(dòng)力，市場(chǎng)前景十分廣闊。當(dāng)前，已有部分農(nóng)機(jī)企業(yè)將產(chǎn)品開發(fā)的重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到經(jīng)濟(jì)作物機(jī)械上，在10月26日開展的武漢農(nóng)機(jī)展上就能看到多家經(jīng)濟(jì)作物機(jī)械生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的主打產(chǎn)品。

　　然而，這并不代表農(nóng)機(jī)企業(yè)可以“一窩蜂”地扎堆涌進(jìn)這個(gè)領(lǐng)域。實(shí)際上，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)作物種類繁多，且普遍存在著種植規(guī)模小的特點(diǎn)，對(duì)農(nóng)機(jī)農(nóng)藝融合的要求也比較高，需要技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和科技突破作支撐，并不是所有企業(yè)都有能力把產(chǎn)品做好。因此在產(chǎn)業(yè)體系不夠成熟的初期，行業(yè)發(fā)展是離不開國(guó)家政策的引導(dǎo)扶持、各級(jí)農(nóng)機(jī)主管部門的農(nóng)機(jī)化技術(shù)推廣以及各高校、農(nóng)機(jī)研究所的技術(shù)支撐的。
 
　　在今年10月，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部在湖北省宜昌市召開了全國(guó)果菜茶生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化現(xiàn)場(chǎng)推進(jìn)會(huì)，會(huì)議旨在為總結(jié)果菜茶生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化進(jìn)程，研究部署進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)果菜茶生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化工作，推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化全面發(fā)展，不斷提高農(nóng)機(jī)化水平。這是農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部次召開推進(jìn)果菜茶生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化方面的工作會(huì)議，足以證明我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)作物機(jī)械化的充分重視。

　　近年來各地積極探索經(jīng)濟(jì)作物機(jī)械化技術(shù)的研發(fā)、示范和推廣，目前已取得一定成績(jī)。以經(jīng)濟(jì)作物大省山東為例，山東省從2015年起啟動(dòng)實(shí)施農(nóng)機(jī)裝備研發(fā)創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃，組建了以山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)和10多家科研院所、生產(chǎn)企業(yè)參與的研發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)，把大蒜等經(jīng)濟(jì)作物裝備研發(fā)作為解決生產(chǎn)裝備短缺落后重點(diǎn)任務(wù)之一。同時(shí)，把現(xiàn)有裝備納入農(nóng)機(jī)購(gòu)置補(bǔ)貼范圍，提升全省經(jīng)濟(jì)作物機(jī)械化水平。
 
　　山東省今年在大蒜生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化領(lǐng)域取得了突破性進(jìn)展。5月11日，山東大蒜生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化觀摩會(huì)在濟(jì)寧市金鄉(xiāng)縣召開，來自濟(jì)南、棗莊、濰坊、萊蕪、臨沂、德州、聊城、菏澤等大蒜種植戶參加了這次觀摩會(huì)。會(huì)上，針對(duì)大蒜種植、飛防噴霧、澆灌、大蒜收獲等生產(chǎn)關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)機(jī)械化作業(yè)進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演示。

 

　　無*偶，今年9月，青島農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)等單位承擔(dān)的山東省農(nóng)機(jī)裝備研發(fā)創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃“自走式大蔥聯(lián)合的研發(fā)”項(xiàng)目也通過了鑒定驗(yàn)收，其中，多旋刀+U型鏟組合式分層挖掘技術(shù)達(dá)到了水平。
 
　　結(jié)語：雖然近兩年我國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)市場(chǎng)整體并不樂觀，但從長(zhǎng)期來看，市場(chǎng)前景是值得期待的，尤其是新興市場(chǎng)。今年國(guó)家大力實(shí)施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略、調(diào)整農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、擴(kuò)大經(jīng)濟(jì)作物種植面積，帶領(lǐng)農(nóng)民致富增收。經(jīng)濟(jì)作物機(jī)械這一“短板”必將迎來巨大的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。

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