秸稈變能源：各地秸稈綜合利用成效顯著

2018-12-19 16:19:35 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：26236 評論

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機】 初冬時節(jié)，田野里一片蕭瑟。隨著秋收的完成，各地秸稈有的被農(nóng)戶運回家碼成垛，有的被粉碎還田，有的被打包成捆等待送往電廠，農(nóng)田里看不到秸稈燃燒過的痕跡。今年以來，各地政府高度重視秸稈禁燒工作，同時多措并舉推進秸稈綜合利用，目前成效顯著，綜合利用率較上年均有所提高。

　　安徽：今年全省秸稈利用率達到88%
 
　　據(jù)悉，今年安徽省大力培育秸稈綜合利用，打造綜合利用園區(qū)平臺，優(yōu)化利用技術(shù)，拓展利用渠道，大力推進農(nóng)作物秸稈綜合利用，全省秸稈綜合利用率達到88%，比上年度增長0.7個百分點。
 
　　省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳相關(guān)負責人介紹，為拓展利用渠道，安徽省舉辦2018年秸稈綜合利用產(chǎn)業(yè)博覽會，共簽約96個項目，簽約總金額275億元。截至11月底，簽約項目已開工建設(shè)63個，其中5億元以上開工項目9個，累計完成投資38.12億元。提升完善秸稈綜合利用扶持政策，對已出臺的政策進一步完善集成，從財政、金融、用地、用電、運輸、稅收等方面支持秸稈利用。加快園區(qū)建設(shè)，認定阜陽經(jīng)濟技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)、阜南縣經(jīng)濟開發(fā)區(qū)、桐城市經(jīng)濟技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)為省批秸稈綜合利用產(chǎn)業(yè)園區(qū)。
 
　　貫徹落實秸稈綜合利用獎補政策。全省共有644家企業(yè)簽訂了秸稈收購利用協(xié)議，截至11月底全省48戶秸稈綜合利用企業(yè)享受增值稅即征即退優(yōu)惠6226萬元。全年共核定安排秸稈禁燒和綜合利用獎補資金16.27億元，其中省以上獎補資金10億元。實施秸稈綜合利用提升民生工程，舉辦技術(shù)培訓班，推廣先進技術(shù)。實施中央財政綜合利用試點項目，截至11月底已累計撥付中央財政試點資金2297.9萬元，完成企業(yè)配套資金投入近2億元。
 
　　安徽懷寧縣實現(xiàn)秸稈禁燒“零火點” 綜合利用率達95.2%
 
　　據(jù)悉，今年以來，安徽懷寧縣高度重視秸稈綜合利用民生工程項目建設(shè)工作，積極拓展渠道，取得顯著成效。截至11月底，全縣農(nóng)作物秸稈可收集量37.648萬噸，綜合利用量35.84萬噸，綜合利用率達95.2%，實現(xiàn)了全縣區(qū)域秸稈禁燒衛(wèi)星監(jiān)測“零火點”。
 
　　該縣穩(wěn)步推進秸稈機械化還田項目，重點在提質(zhì)增效上下功夫，建立了油菜、水稻連作模式的秸稈機械化還田縣級示范片。同時加大秸稈還田機具補貼力度，引導和鼓勵經(jīng)營主體購買應(yīng)用先進實用的秸稈還田機具，全縣秸稈還田機具存有量6000多臺。
 
　　該縣大力推廣秸稈飼料化利用項目，積極探索秸稈綜合利用綠色生態(tài)種養(yǎng)模式，建立秸稈飼料化加工利用示范點，支持肉牛肉羊養(yǎng)殖場和養(yǎng)殖大戶收購農(nóng)作物秸稈，采用秸稈青貯、揉絲等技術(shù)，加工用作肉牛肉羊飼料；引導養(yǎng)殖企業(yè)和大戶將養(yǎng)牛養(yǎng)羊的糞便，經(jīng)過無害化處理，用作種植業(yè)和經(jīng)果林業(yè)的生產(chǎn)肥料，實現(xiàn)種植業(yè)和養(yǎng)殖業(yè)有機結(jié)合，協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。全縣現(xiàn)有規(guī)模較大的秸稈飼料化利用養(yǎng)殖企業(yè)和大戶20多家，帶動全縣牛羊養(yǎng)殖業(yè)通過發(fā)展秸稈飼料化利用，年消化利用農(nóng)作物秸稈達4萬多噸。
 
　　該縣積極推進秸稈固化成型燃料加工項目，全縣現(xiàn)已建成秸稈固化成型燃料加工企業(yè)6家，年加工能力10萬多噸。懷寧縣泰華新能源科技有限公司今年投資1500萬元，建設(shè)生物質(zhì)顆粒燃料加工項目，年可加工生產(chǎn)生物質(zhì)顆粒燃料2萬噸，年銷售收入2000萬元，利稅200萬元，同時可解決周邊30多人在廠里務(wù)工就業(yè)。另外，該項目年收購加工農(nóng)作物秸稈6000噸，可消化吸收利用近2萬畝的農(nóng)作物秸稈。
 
　　四川遂寧船山區(qū)秸稈綜合利用率達93.6%
 
　　四川遂寧市船山區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)局逐步完善秸稈收儲運體系建設(shè)，通過法律、行政、技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟等手段，加快秸稈資源化利用。船山全區(qū)2018年秸稈綜合利用13.565萬噸，利用率達93.6%。
 
　　截止目前，全區(qū)秸稈肥料化利用8.14萬噸，其中，直接粉碎還田13萬余畝達4.81萬噸，堆腐熟還田1.83萬余噸，遂寧市立源環(huán)保、四川興宇科技等秸稈利用企業(yè)收集秸稈加工生產(chǎn)有機肥1.5萬余噸；積極鼓勵豬、牛、羊等草食性動物養(yǎng)殖企業(yè)、專業(yè)合作社、大戶廣泛開展青貯、氨化、微貯等技術(shù)處理利用秸稈，生產(chǎn)飼料，全區(qū)飼料化利用達2.03萬噸；利用沼氣池、大型沼氣工程以及生活垃圾發(fā)電廠，將秸稈變廢為寶，全區(qū)能源化利用達2.43萬噸；大力探索利用秸稈作為基料種植草腐菌生產(chǎn)技術(shù)，將秸稈基料化，全區(qū)基料化利用0.54萬噸；大力推廣秸稈加工處理，全區(qū)秸稈原料化利用0.425萬噸。
 
　　四川自貢大安區(qū)“三模式”加強農(nóng)作物秸稈綜合利用
 
　　為保護農(nóng)村良好的生態(tài)資源，讓天更藍、水更清、景更美，自貢市大安區(qū)以“三模式”加強農(nóng)作物秸稈綜合利用，從源頭上解決秸稈焚燒帶來的環(huán)境污染、危害人體健康等問題。
 
　　一是粉碎還田模式。采取通過耕地地力質(zhì)量保護與提升項目開展政府購買服務(wù)方式，與文豪農(nóng)機專合社、艾康農(nóng)機專合社合作，在何市、牛佛、永嘉等6個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)開展秸稈粉碎還田試點示范和推廣應(yīng)用工作，實現(xiàn)油菜脫離、秸稈還田0.6萬畝、1500余噸。同時將購買秸稈粉碎機具納入農(nóng)機購置補貼項目。
 
　　二是堆漚腐熟模式。一方面通過整合項目資金70萬元，引導農(nóng)戶采取田邊地角分散堆漚、政府租賃土地集中堆漚、“廂溝”堆漚等方式，自然腐熟秸稈、就近還田施用。預計可堆漚腐熟秸稈1.4萬畝、3000噸。二方面積極推廣秸稈腐熟劑的應(yīng)用，已向全區(qū)發(fā)放秸稈腐熟劑5.8噸，提高秸稈肥料化利用，實現(xiàn)腐熟還土2.7萬畝、11000噸。
 
　　三是飼料化利用模式。發(fā)展秸稈養(yǎng)畜現(xiàn)代循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)。結(jié)合“川南肉牛之鄉(xiāng)”等特色畜牧業(yè)建設(shè)，使用青貯、氨化等技術(shù)使秸稈飼料化，通過自貢鼎恒牛業(yè)與牛佛鎮(zhèn)雙河黑山羊養(yǎng)殖專合社收貯以玉米秸桿為主的適飼秸稈1.9萬畝、4800噸。
 
　　本文由中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：安徽日報、安慶市人民政府、自貢市人民政府網(wǎng)站、安徽網(wǎng)、中國網(wǎng)，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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