農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展新形勢：務農(nóng)群體趨向年輕化

2019-03-29 16:42:25 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：四夕 閱讀量：50813 評論

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 編輯視角】轉眼間，三月招聘季馬上就要過去了，可以說每個招聘季都為用人單位和求職者雙向選擇創(chuàng)造了有利條件。各個用人單位為爭取人才而大顯身手，誘人的崗位、豐厚的報酬不一而足，對于求職的人來說，更是一個難得的機會。
 
　　不久前，電競行業(yè)崗位空缺的消息一度登上微博熱搜榜。據(jù)有關報道：“數(shù)據(jù)顯示， 2018年中國電競市場規(guī)模為84.8億元，但到2020年，電競全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈產(chǎn)值預計將達到211億元。另一方面，據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計，電競行業(yè)的目前從業(yè)者為5萬人，崗位空缺達26萬人，而到2020年，人才缺口將擴大至50萬人。”
 
　　今年1月，人社部將電子競技運營師、電子競技員列為新職業(yè)，與農(nóng)機行業(yè)息息相關的無人機駕駛員、農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)理人等職業(yè)也在其列。而這些新興職業(yè)都面臨著一個共同的問題——大眾對其職位理解的片面性，現(xiàn)在很多人還是認為電競行業(yè)只是打游戲，但事實上，電競行業(yè)專業(yè)人才需要懂電競管理、賽事運行、戰(zhàn)術運用、電競比賽錄制、電競導播、電競主播等一系列職業(yè)技能，有的甚至還要研究舞臺設計。農(nóng)業(yè)相關職業(yè)同樣如此，以新興職業(yè)農(nóng)民為例，他們不僅僅是要會種田，更要懂經(jīng)營、善管理。正是大眾對于這些職業(yè)的誤解，才進一步導致了行業(yè)人才的稀缺。
 
　　培育新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民 壯大農(nóng)村人才隊伍
 
　　黑龍江省農(nóng)業(yè)技術推廣站在佳木斯市召開了2018年度新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民行業(yè)人才理論培訓班，培訓以讓農(nóng)民真正了解當前農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)形勢，轉變思路，使農(nóng)民不光要種得好，還要賣得好，賣出優(yōu)勢、賣出特點、賣出安全為目的；把種植規(guī)模大的種植戶、家庭農(nóng)場、農(nóng)民合作社骨干作為重點培訓對象；在講解內容上進行精選，在講現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)技術的基礎上，又增加了農(nóng)產(chǎn)品品牌建立與推廣、庭院經(jīng)濟、電子商務等新內容。
 
　　無*偶，此前山西農(nóng)機新技術服務中心也在晉中市祁縣召開了新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民培訓班，圍繞新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民素質提升、農(nóng)業(yè)與農(nóng)機自動化導航、機械化保護性耕作、國三拖拉機的使用與維護以及互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+農(nóng)業(yè)機械化(智慧農(nóng)機)等課程展開講解，并進行現(xiàn)場教學。
 
　　可見，我國越來越重視對農(nóng)村人才隊伍的培養(yǎng)，在當前人口紅利萎縮、勞動力資源供給持續(xù)下降的情況下，農(nóng)村人才培養(yǎng)有利于勞動力資源在更大范圍內優(yōu)化配置，促進農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村的可持續(xù)發(fā)展和城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展。同時，培訓班的開展也是打消人們對于職業(yè)農(nóng)民誤解的一種重要形式。
 
　　建設高素質人才隊伍體系 促進農(nóng)機農(nóng)藝農(nóng)事相融合
 
　　不僅僅是開展專業(yè)化的人才培訓班，我國在各項政策規(guī)劃上也一向重視打造高素質農(nóng)村人才隊伍。近期，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、國家發(fā)展改革委等七部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)的《國家質量興農(nóng)戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃(2018—2022年)》(以下簡稱《規(guī)劃》)，對新時期實施質量興農(nóng)戰(zhàn)略的總體思路、發(fā)展目標和重點任務作出了明確安排?！兑?guī)劃》中明確提出到2022年，要初步實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品質量高、產(chǎn)業(yè)效益高、生產(chǎn)效率高、經(jīng)營者素質高、競爭力強，農(nóng)業(yè)高質量發(fā)展。這里提到的經(jīng)營者素質高，事實上主要指愛農(nóng)業(yè)、懂技術、善經(jīng)營的專業(yè)化、年輕化新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民隊伍比重提升，培育新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民500萬人以上，高中以上文化程度職業(yè)農(nóng)民占比更是要達到35%。
 
　　*，傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展模式已經(jīng)不再適應當前的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展形式，機械化成為現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的重要標志，我國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展已經(jīng)進入到了機械化主導階段，全面推進農(nóng)業(yè)機械化勢在必行。而伴隨著十年黃金發(fā)展期的農(nóng)機行業(yè)正逐步進入深度調整期，迎來智能化、自動化、信息化大變革。高素質的農(nóng)業(yè)人才隊伍對于探索完善全程托管、“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+農(nóng)機作業(yè)”、“全程機械化+綜合農(nóng)事”等農(nóng)機服務新模式能更好適應，促進農(nóng)機農(nóng)藝農(nóng)事的進一步融合，加快農(nóng)作物全面全程機械化的實現(xiàn)，提高農(nóng)機裝備智能化水平。
 
　　務農(nóng)群體年輕化 盤活農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展形勢
 
　　日前，阿里巴巴發(fā)布了“網(wǎng)購‘春耕’農(nóng)資趨勢”——《2019網(wǎng)購“春耕”農(nóng)資趨勢》，該趨勢顯示了在3月1日至3月20日的阿里農(nóng)村淘寶“春耕農(nóng)牧節(jié)”促銷(以下簡稱“春耕節(jié)”)期間，網(wǎng)購農(nóng)資的情況趨勢、
 
　　“春耕節(jié)”期間，網(wǎng)購農(nóng)資者80后占比超60%，種養(yǎng)殖農(nóng)戶年輕化趨勢凸顯。25-29歲的縣域農(nóng)戶愛上淘寶買農(nóng)用機械，從2月份到春分，耕地機械在一個半月內采購量同比增漲103%，每天近2000件耕地機械賣往全國各地。阿里巴巴的這份數(shù)據(jù)顯示了務農(nóng)群體的年輕化，90后加速進入農(nóng)業(yè)領域，盤活農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展形勢。
 
　　進入現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展新時期，實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略需要農(nóng)業(yè)機械化向更寬領域、更高水平發(fā)展，加大推進力度，推動農(nóng)業(yè)機械化轉型升級，務農(nóng)群體的年輕化趨勢無疑為農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村的現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展注入了新的活力。

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