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種地不用人，農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人大軍即將來襲！

2019-09-06 16:52:04 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：林言 閱讀量：44079 評論

導(dǎo)讀：農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人的出現(xiàn)和應(yīng)用，將極大地改變傳統(tǒng)耕作模式，會(huì)給我國的現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展帶來了全新的改變。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】 “智能化的農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)機(jī)裝備為提高農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率指出了一條路。從長遠(yuǎn)看，農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器裝備發(fā)展到一定程度就會(huì)衍生出農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人。農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人可全部或部分替代人或輔助人、便捷、安全、可靠地完成特定的、復(fù)雜的生產(chǎn)任務(wù)。”日前，中國工程院院士、國家農(nóng)業(yè)信息化工程技術(shù)研究中心主任趙春江在2019世界機(jī)器人大會(huì)上說。
 
　　農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人，顧名思義，是機(jī)器人運(yùn)用在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)中。農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人是農(nóng)業(yè)智能化裝備的一種，能夠利用多傳感器融合、自動(dòng)控制等技術(shù)，讓自然環(huán)境下作業(yè)的農(nóng)業(yè)裝備實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化、智能化生產(chǎn)。農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人種類豐富，包括大田作業(yè)機(jī)器人、溫室機(jī)器人、林業(yè)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人、畜牧農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人、水產(chǎn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人等。
 
　　農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人的出現(xiàn)和應(yīng)用，將極大地改變傳統(tǒng)耕作模式，會(huì)給我國的現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展帶來了全新的改變。想象一下，農(nóng)民不用出現(xiàn)在農(nóng)田、果園或者溫室大棚里，以前農(nóng)民手動(dòng)的種植、采摘、觀察等活動(dòng)全部由機(jī)器人來、地完成，所有農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場沒有一個(gè)人工出現(xiàn)，農(nóng)民只需要坐在電腦前控制“機(jī)器人大軍”即可。

　　在我國農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力極度短缺的當(dāng)下，農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化趨勢已經(jīng)不可逆轉(zhuǎn)，農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人的市場應(yīng)用大有可為。同時(shí)，國家政策和地方政府的重視與支持，也給農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人的發(fā)展打下了一針強(qiáng)心劑，未來農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人的市場發(fā)展前景可期。
 
　　早在2016年，國家工業(yè)和信息化部、農(nóng)業(yè)部、發(fā)展改革委發(fā)布了《農(nóng)機(jī)裝備發(fā)展行動(dòng)方案(2016-2025)》等系列文件，要求利用農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人等農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械的有效供給能力，提升現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)水平，促進(jìn)我國從農(nóng)機(jī)制造大國向農(nóng)機(jī)制造強(qiáng)國轉(zhuǎn)變。
 
　　地方政府也十分看重對于農(nóng)業(yè)智能制造產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展和支持，四川、湖北等不少地方紛紛舉辦全國性機(jī)器人大賽，簽約農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人相關(guān)項(xiàng)目、補(bǔ)貼地方農(nóng)機(jī)企業(yè)，以此來推動(dòng)其地方的農(nóng)業(yè)和機(jī)器人產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。近日天津市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村委等七部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)的《天津市質(zhì)量興農(nóng)戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施方案(2019-2022年)》中也提到“穩(wěn)定實(shí)施農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼政策，加強(qiáng)綠色、新機(jī)具新技術(shù)示范推廣，推動(dòng)植保無人機(jī)、無人駕駛農(nóng)機(jī)、農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人在規(guī)模種養(yǎng)領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用，推進(jìn)農(nóng)機(jī)新產(chǎn)品補(bǔ)貼試點(diǎn)工作。”
 
　　而福建今年則發(fā)布了*智能農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人。6月15日，福建*人工智能農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人正式在中國以色列示范農(nóng)場智能蔬果大棚開始全天候生產(chǎn)巡檢，標(biāo)志著福建人工智能農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人從研發(fā)階段正式進(jìn)入了實(shí)際應(yīng)用階段。
 
　　結(jié)語：農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人的廣泛應(yīng)用能夠大大減少農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力的投入、能夠明顯地改善農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的生產(chǎn)勞動(dòng)環(huán)境并且有力地推進(jìn)勞動(dòng)效率的提高。這是實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化的必由之路，是農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化發(fā)展的終目標(biāo)。
 
　　回顧一下農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展歷史，每一次進(jìn)步都伴隨著勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率的大幅提升，正是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率的提升才養(yǎng)活了我國眾多的人口。而農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的變革速度則是成倍增長的。往前倒退30年，沒有農(nóng)民會(huì)相信拖拉機(jī)可以無人駕駛作業(yè)、噴灑農(nóng)藥可以用無人飛機(jī)來完成，而這些機(jī)器一個(gè)小時(shí)的作業(yè)量則可以抵上他們一天甚至好幾天的工作量。所以或許就在不久的將來，農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人大軍將完全替代農(nóng)民現(xiàn)在的工作，“占領(lǐng)”農(nóng)田，成為未來農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的“主角”。

上一篇： “機(jī)械化與農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化”專題活動(dòng)成功舉辦

下一篇：農(nóng)田拋荒不要急，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部再出良策

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