山東農(nóng)機(jī)研究院開(kāi)展丘陵山地甘薯高效移栽關(guān)鍵技術(shù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演示活動(dòng)

2022-05-11 08:48:08 來(lái)源：山東省農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械科學(xué)研究院 閱讀量：15138 評(píng)論

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】細(xì)雨連綿暮春到,雨生百谷夏將至。5月9日，在綿綿細(xì)雨中，一場(chǎng)別開(kāi)生面的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演示會(huì)在濟(jì)南柳埠鎮(zhèn)西山村如期舉行。
 
　　活動(dòng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，2臺(tái)身形纖細(xì)的機(jī)具，跨著壟在田間自主行走，緊緊相鄰的地塊上，是西山村的農(nóng)戶，正埋著頭，彎著腰，忙碌地往壟上插苗。原來(lái)，這里是我院和作物所聯(lián)合承辦的“戰(zhàn)疫情、保春耕，給山區(qū)農(nóng)民獻(xiàn)技送苗”暨丘陵山地甘薯高效移栽關(guān)鍵技術(shù)演示會(huì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，正在進(jìn)行的是人工和機(jī)具的一場(chǎng)甘薯苗移栽作業(yè)比賽。我院田間作業(yè)裝備創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)與作物所甘薯團(tuán)隊(duì)成員、西山村第一駐村書(shū)記及農(nóng)戶等參加了活動(dòng)。
 
　　輕巧的甘薯移栽機(jī)一經(jīng)亮相，就吸引了西山村第一駐村書(shū)記秦會(huì)勇的眼球，“西山村具有獨(dú)特的山地環(huán)境，今年村里鼓勵(lì)村民成立了合作小組，重點(diǎn)發(fā)展甘薯種植，但現(xiàn)在常住人口才幾十人，勞動(dòng)力極度短缺，這也是中國(guó)農(nóng)村的普遍現(xiàn)狀，有了機(jī)械化，就再也不怕地不會(huì)種、沒(méi)人種的問(wèn)題了！”
 
　　甘薯覆膜壟作栽培是北方薯區(qū)的主要種植模式。其種植區(qū)域主要集中在丘陵山區(qū)，僅山東地區(qū)種植面積可達(dá)400萬(wàn)畝。我院田間作業(yè)裝備創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)人史嵩說(shuō)，“甘薯種植不挑地，多在山區(qū)或是半山區(qū)，耐旱易高產(chǎn)，還不會(huì)與主糧爭(zhēng)地，是實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民增收創(chuàng)收的有效渠道。但目前在機(jī)械化作業(yè)方面還存在短板，國(guó)內(nèi)適合山地使用的機(jī)具少，國(guó)外進(jìn)口的機(jī)具又價(jià)格昂貴，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和農(nóng)民都有需求，這也就是我們農(nóng)機(jī)科研人員的方向和動(dòng)力。”
 
　　我田間作業(yè)裝備創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)李慧博士介紹，“薯苗膜上扦插是甘薯覆膜壟作栽培生產(chǎn)的重要環(huán)節(jié)，需要滿足裸苗種植、膜下淺栽、膜內(nèi)多埋節(jié)等復(fù)雜農(nóng)藝要求，山地地表坡度常使機(jī)器偏斜，常用作業(yè)機(jī)具底盤(pán)無(wú)法保證在山地覆膜壟體的種植質(zhì)量，實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中目前還主要依靠人工作業(yè)，勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大。”
 
　　針對(duì)作業(yè)機(jī)具，李慧介紹，“這款丘陵山地甘薯膜上移栽機(jī)是農(nóng)機(jī)農(nóng)藝深度融合的產(chǎn)物，是我們根據(jù)作物所甘薯團(tuán)隊(duì)的栽培模式需求，歷時(shí)近3年研發(fā)出來(lái)的新成果。攻克了整機(jī)姿態(tài)矯正、沿壟自走導(dǎo)向、裸苗低損輸送、薯苗精準(zhǔn)夾持、部件簡(jiǎn)便拆裝等技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了丘陵山地薯苗機(jī)械化自走扦插，扦插效率是人工作業(yè)的3-4倍，合格率可達(dá)95%，實(shí)現(xiàn)了國(guó)內(nèi)丘陵山地甘薯膜上移栽機(jī)從無(wú)到有的突破。”
 
　　活動(dòng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)還進(jìn)行了“戰(zhàn)疫情、保春耕，給山區(qū)農(nóng)民獻(xiàn)技送苗”的捐贈(zèng)活動(dòng)，團(tuán)隊(duì)為西山村農(nóng)戶送去了省農(nóng)科院明星品種薯苗，并表示今后將繼續(xù)在甘薯產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展上給予西山村大力支持。

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