羅錫文院士：把直播機(jī)“開”進(jìn)稻田

2022-06-22 15:06:21 來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化信息開發(fā)推廣總站 閱讀量：15444 評(píng)論

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】羅錫文，中國工程院院士，華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)教授，南方農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械與裝備關(guān)鍵技術(shù)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任。長期從事農(nóng)業(yè)工程教學(xué)、科研和工程實(shí)踐，在農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)科建設(shè)、人才培養(yǎng)和科技發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研究等方面作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。
 
　　6月15日上午，陽光明媚。湖南省長沙市望城區(qū)高塘嶺街道新陽村的無人農(nóng)場內(nèi)，幾臺(tái)無人駕駛噴霧機(jī)和直升機(jī)正進(jìn)行施藥和施肥作業(yè)。
 
　　這里是湖南首個(gè)雙季稻無人農(nóng)場，農(nóng)民種田無需下地，智能農(nóng)機(jī)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)耕、種、管、收全覆蓋，生產(chǎn)過程實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控。這是羅錫文院士團(tuán)隊(duì)在國內(nèi)11個(gè)省市建設(shè)的20個(gè)無人農(nóng)場之一。
 
　　今年77歲的羅錫文精神矍鑠，說起話來充滿激情。“我小時(shí)候在田里插秧時(shí)就在想，什么時(shí)候不需要人插秧就好了。”談到研究農(nóng)機(jī)的初衷，出生于湖南株洲的他總會(huì)聯(lián)想起小時(shí)候在家鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)作的經(jīng)歷。
 
　　“當(dāng)時(shí)，我國農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化水平低、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)工具落后，制約了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)水平提高。”羅錫文說，1979年他到華南農(nóng)學(xué)院(華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)前身)攻讀碩士研究生，立志要用先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)將農(nóng)民從繁重的勞作中解放出來，實(shí)現(xiàn)“耕牛退休，鐵牛下田，農(nóng)民進(jìn)城，專家種田”。
 
　　羅錫文的微信昵稱是“開直播機(jī)的老頭兒”，簡單幾個(gè)字，凝結(jié)了他數(shù)十年的努力。
 
　　他帶領(lǐng)團(tuán)隊(duì)研制成功的“同步開溝起壟精量穴直播”“同步開溝起壟施肥精量穴直播”和“同步開溝起壟噴藥/膜精量穴直播”的“三同步”水稻精量穴直播技術(shù)，達(dá)到國際領(lǐng)先水平。這項(xiàng)技術(shù)將原來農(nóng)民無序的撒播改成有序的直播，引領(lǐng)了我國水稻機(jī)械化直播技術(shù)的進(jìn)步。
 
　　從2006年起，水稻精量穴直播技術(shù)在國內(nèi)26個(gè)省(自治區(qū)、直轄市)，以及緬甸、老撾、泰國、蘇丹、越南和柬埔寨等國家推廣應(yīng)用。為了推廣這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，他一年要跑10多個(gè)省。“我們研究的農(nóng)機(jī)一定要轉(zhuǎn)讓出去，讓企業(yè)愿意要，讓農(nóng)民能用上，否則就是擺在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的樣品。”2017年，羅錫文團(tuán)隊(duì)的科技成果“水稻精量穴直播技術(shù)與機(jī)具”獲國家技術(shù)發(fā)明獎(jiǎng)二等獎(jiǎng)。
 
　　除了水稻精量穴直播技術(shù)，他還積極推動(dòng)智慧農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)，研制成功的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械導(dǎo)航與自動(dòng)作業(yè)系統(tǒng)突破了十大關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，取得了多項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新成果。
 
　　作為湖南人，他始終關(guān)注著以科技創(chuàng)新賦能湖南鄉(xiāng)村振興。2020年，湖南無人農(nóng)場(望城)項(xiàng)目正式啟動(dòng)建設(shè)，他多次到田間地頭指導(dǎo)奔忙。
 
　　“湖南是我的故鄉(xiāng)，是我國重要的糧油生產(chǎn)基地，作為一名科技工作者，我期待看到湖南農(nóng)機(jī)加大‘補(bǔ)短板、攻核心、強(qiáng)智能’的力度，在種業(yè)、耕地、農(nóng)機(jī)、綠色低碳可持續(xù)發(fā)展等方面持續(xù)發(fā)力，促進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興不斷發(fā)展。”羅錫文表示。
 

上一篇： 雄安新區(qū)無人農(nóng)場喜迎豐收 濰柴雷沃智能農(nóng)機(jī)解鎖“智慧種田”新模式

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