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示范引領(lǐng)：黑龍江秸稈禁燒管控力度持續(xù)加強

2022-09-21 14:41:39 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：30716 評論

導(dǎo)讀：日前，黑龍江省生態(tài)環(huán)境系統(tǒng)開展2022-2023年有效解決秸稈露天焚燒督查工作。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 監(jiān)管快訊】日前，黑龍江省生態(tài)環(huán)境系統(tǒng)對各市(地)及北大荒農(nóng)墾集團、龍江森工集團、省監(jiān)獄管理局開展2022-2023年有效解決秸稈露天焚燒督查工作。

　　此次督查工作分為四輪進行。其中，第一、二輪為工作督導(dǎo)階段，督查日期為9月15日至9月30日、10月1日至10月15日。各督查組對哈爾濱市、大慶市各級網(wǎng)格，和其他市(地)三、四級網(wǎng)格進行督導(dǎo)。督導(dǎo)各級網(wǎng)格責(zé)任單位完善網(wǎng)格運行機制，確保“定區(qū)域、定人員、定職責(zé)、定任務(wù)、定獎懲”的“五定”要求落實到位，加快完善符合地方實際的監(jiān)管方式和手段，提升秸稈禁燒科學(xué)化、智能化管控水平。
 
　　第三輪為加密督查階段，督查日期為10月16日至10月31日。以哈爾濱市、大慶市、綏化市為重點，兼顧其他地區(qū)，在日常巡查基礎(chǔ)上，加大易集中焚燒時段的檢查頻次，督促各級網(wǎng)格責(zé)任單位全面落實秸稈禁燒措施，全力保障環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量。
 
　　第四輪為日常現(xiàn)場督查階段，督查日期為11月1日至2023年5月15日。
 
　　對于秸稈禁燒工作不力問題，省有效解決農(nóng)作物秸稈露天焚燒工作聯(lián)席會議辦公室將提請省政府進行約談，并根據(jù)《黑龍江省禁止秸稈露天焚燒工作獎懲暫行規(guī)定》，對相關(guān)責(zé)任單位及責(zé)任人提出問責(zé)建議，聯(lián)合財政部門進行資金懲戒。
 
　　而杜絕秸稈焚燒更有效的途徑是秸稈綜合利用。今年，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部對2022年秸稈綜合利用工作進行專題部署，全面實施秸稈綜合利用行動，堅持農(nóng)用優(yōu)先、多措并舉，以肥料化、飼料化、能源化為主攻方向，推動需求端供給端協(xié)同發(fā)力，在全國建設(shè)300個秸稈綜合利用重點縣、600個秸稈綜合利用展示基地，確保全國秸稈綜合利用率穩(wěn)定在86%以上。
 
　　在養(yǎng)豬業(yè)中，飼料占養(yǎng)殖成本的70—80%，因而降低飼料成本就成為提高養(yǎng)殖業(yè)經(jīng)濟效益最實際的問題。近年來，我國秸稈飼料化綜合利用率正逐步升高。
 
　　作為我國的農(nóng)業(yè)大省，黑龍江省每年產(chǎn)生約9000萬噸農(nóng)作物秸稈，秸稈利用率也越來越高，通過秸稈還田、秸稈顆粒、秸稈發(fā)電等多種途徑，今年，該省的秸稈綜合利用率將超過91%，秸稈還田率將超過66%。
 
　　目前，黑龍江省耕地的有機質(zhì)含量平均在3.6%，通過秸稈還田，土壤有機質(zhì)含量已經(jīng)在緩慢上升。秸稈還田后，其秸稈分解率為75%，剩下的 25% 成為半分解狀態(tài)，對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)無任何影響。秸稈粉碎還田時，通過深耕、深翻還有助于打破犁底層，起到了耕作層梯次加深、厚沃增肥的效果。
 
　　秸稈還田實際上屬于秸稈肥料化利用的范疇，是保護黑土地的重要做法，在黑龍江秸稈綜合利用中占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位。2020年，黑龍江農(nóng)作物秸稈產(chǎn)量 9100.9萬噸，可收集量7782.8萬噸，其中，秸稈還田量5617.2萬噸，還田率達(dá)到72.81%。
 
　　目前，黑龍江的秸稈綜合利用走在了全國前列，基本形成了肥料化利用為主，飼料化、燃料化穩(wěn)步推進，基料化、原料化為輔的綜合利用格局。未來，該省將繼續(xù)增加秸稈綜合利用的科技創(chuàng)新投入，不斷擴大秸稈綜合利用的廣度、深度，讓秸稈創(chuàng)造更多價值，助推農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化和“雙碳”目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(m.epigene.com.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：中國環(huán)境報、東北網(wǎng)、黑龍江日報、中國秸稈網(wǎng)。

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