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農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化總站提醒廣大農(nóng)機(jī)手：冬季農(nóng)機(jī)作業(yè)注意安全

2024-02-06 19:45:14 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)化總站 閱讀量：17141 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：近期，我國(guó)中東部地區(qū)出現(xiàn)大范圍持續(xù)性低溫雨雪冰凍天氣。

　　親愛的廣大農(nóng)機(jī)手們：
 
　　近期，我國(guó)中東部地區(qū)出現(xiàn)大范圍持續(xù)性低溫雨雪冰凍天氣。據(jù)氣象部門預(yù)測(cè)，局部地區(qū)累計(jì)降雪量將接近或超過歷史同期，雨雪覆蓋范圍廣、持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、凍雨范圍大，雨雪冰凍災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高，盡管冬季農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械作業(yè)量減少，但是上道路行駛的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械容易發(fā)生事故，恰逢春節(jié)期間人員流動(dòng)大，為了避免給廣大農(nóng)機(jī)手的生產(chǎn)生活等帶來不利影響，駕駛農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械的農(nóng)機(jī)手們要注意安全，牢記以下注意事項(xiàng)：
 
　　一、注意作業(yè)前的機(jī)具安全檢查
 
　　(一)對(duì)拖拉機(jī)、聯(lián)合收割機(jī)等農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械要進(jìn)行安全技術(shù)檢查，包括但不限于輪胎、制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、機(jī)油、水箱等，并對(duì)防凍液進(jìn)行及時(shí)的補(bǔ)充，以保證機(jī)械能夠在低溫環(huán)境下正常運(yùn)行，保證其以完好的狀態(tài)投入作業(yè)。
 
　　(二)滅火器具要有效，并放在易于取放的位置。聯(lián)合收割機(jī)的排氣管要清除積炭并安裝火星收集器，排氣管過短的要加長(zhǎng)。
 
　　(三)聯(lián)合收割機(jī)的傳動(dòng)鏈和傳輸皮帶等防護(hù)罩、蓋應(yīng)完整可靠，操縱臺(tái)的扶梯護(hù)欄、扶手、踏板等應(yīng)安裝牢固。機(jī)組應(yīng)有充足的照明設(shè)備，以便夜間作業(yè)時(shí)能及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)并排除故障。
 
　　二、注意轉(zhuǎn)移作業(yè)中的行駛安全
 
　　(一)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)移途中要遵守交通規(guī)則，服從交警指揮，自覺維護(hù)交通秩序。不要超速行駛、酒后駕駛和疲勞駕駛，不違法載人，并要注意保持安全行駛距離。
 
　　(二)在自然災(zāi)害地區(qū)作業(yè)的拖拉機(jī)和聯(lián)合收割機(jī)等農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械，要及時(shí)了解有關(guān)信息，注意預(yù)防山體滑坡等次生地質(zhì)災(zāi)害。
 
　　(三)在冰雪路面行駛時(shí)應(yīng)遵循“四慢四緩”的原則，即慢加油、緩起步、慢打方向、緩轉(zhuǎn)彎，以及在必要時(shí)刻慢踩剎車，以增加安全距離并防止追尾事故。在路面結(jié)冰或下陡坡的情況下，應(yīng)盡量采用發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)牽引力進(jìn)行制動(dòng)。在地面很滑的情況下，可二檔起步，防止打滑。
 
　　(四)注意駕駛“預(yù)判”。在雨雪天氣行駛時(shí)，要跟前車距離應(yīng)保持在較安全的范圍內(nèi)，以便于在遇到突發(fā)狀況時(shí)能夠及時(shí)剎車。在轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)，尤其是彎度較大的彎道，應(yīng)提前減速并注意周圍環(huán)境，避免因視線受阻而導(dǎo)致的事故。若在雨雪路上需要臨時(shí)停下，應(yīng)選擇朝陽(yáng)、避風(fēng)的地點(diǎn)，并采取適當(dāng)?shù)姆雷o(hù)措施，如在農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械的輪下塞三角木或石塊，以防滑動(dòng)。
 
　　(五)注意避免強(qiáng)光炫目。雪后天晴往往陽(yáng)光強(qiáng)烈炫目，可帶上防護(hù)鏡，以保證駕駛?cè)藛T能夠及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)行駛過程中路面情況。
 
　　三、注意作業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安全
 
　　(一)勘察好田間作業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。檢查現(xiàn)場(chǎng)是否有影響作業(yè)的電線、雜物及與作業(yè)無(wú)關(guān)的人員。
 
　　(二)選擇好作業(yè)路線。作業(yè)時(shí)應(yīng)選好路線保持直線行駛，需轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)一定要停止作業(yè)，倒車時(shí)要察看后方是否有人。
 
　　(三)把握好操作要領(lǐng)。根據(jù)地勢(shì)特點(diǎn)、干濕情況等選擇作業(yè)速度；禁止在未停機(jī)的情況下清理割臺(tái)、輸送帶和行走系統(tǒng)；禁止用鐵器等工具伸入糧倉(cāng)，接糧人員不準(zhǔn)把手伸進(jìn)出糧口。若農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械陷入雨雪或泥濘車轍中致使車輪滑轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，設(shè)法降低輪胎氣壓增加附著力，以便擺脫困境。
 
　　農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)機(jī)化總站
　　2024年2月4日

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