杭州茶葉示范試驗(yàn)基地打造茶園管理全程機(jī)械化模式

2025-02-25 09:33:38 來源：浙江省杭州市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局 閱讀量：14979 評論

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】 近年來，浙江省杭州市通過科技、機(jī)制、政策創(chuàng)新和數(shù)字化改革，以農(nóng)藝農(nóng)機(jī)協(xié)同攻關(guān)為重點(diǎn)，建成一批設(shè)施裝備先進(jìn)、機(jī)藝融合深入的示范試驗(yàn)基地?，F(xiàn)推出“農(nóng)藝農(nóng)機(jī)融合”專欄，提供示范引領(lǐng)作用明顯的基地建設(shè)思路，為因地制宜發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)新質(zhì)生產(chǎn)力提供借鑒。
 
　　余杭區(qū)茶葉農(nóng)藝農(nóng)機(jī)融合示范試驗(yàn)基地位于余杭區(qū)瓶窯鎮(zhèn)，有2000余畝茶園，每年鮮葉產(chǎn)量1600余噸，下設(shè)7個茶葉加工車間，3個茶葉實(shí)驗(yàn)室和2個茶葉專業(yè)合作社，擁有初制、精制、研磨和小包裝系列生產(chǎn)能力。自2022年以來，基地共投入資金709.25萬元，開展配套基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、精深加工裝備提升改造?；赝ㄟ^農(nóng)藝農(nóng)機(jī)融合，在生產(chǎn)端對茶園開展宜機(jī)化改造并改良了乘坐式采茶機(jī)適應(yīng)性不強(qiáng)等問題，制定相關(guān)茶園種植生產(chǎn)規(guī)范以適宜各類設(shè)備操作的農(nóng)藝要求；在加工端解決了原有精深加工生產(chǎn)中存在的連續(xù)化程度不高、異物處理能力不強(qiáng)等痛點(diǎn)，建立了完整的茶葉全程機(jī)械化作業(yè)模式，該模式入選農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部特色經(jīng)濟(jì)作物適宜品種全程機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)模式與典型案例。
 
　　隨著茶園管理全程機(jī)械化模式推進(jìn)，基地工作人員勞動強(qiáng)度降低80%，提升農(nóng)事作業(yè)效率近3倍。該基地邁出了茶園農(nóng)事管理機(jī)械化的第一步，積極探索“機(jī)器換人”的可行性和途徑，解決茶園管理面臨的一線人員“老齡化”“用工難”等問題，同時引導(dǎo)更多有技術(shù)的年輕人加入茶園管理的隊(duì)伍，為茶產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展注入新活力。
 
　　茶產(chǎn)業(yè)是杭州市農(nóng)業(yè)優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。2021年，杭州市啟動農(nóng)業(yè)“機(jī)器換人”高質(zhì)量發(fā)展先行縣創(chuàng)建工作，目前已建成茶產(chǎn)業(yè)先行縣3個(余杭區(qū)、桐廬縣、淳安縣)，茶葉從生產(chǎn)到加工的各個環(huán)節(jié)機(jī)械化水平顯著提高，茶葉全程機(jī)械化水平在國內(nèi)名列前茅，特別是機(jī)械修剪、大宗茶采摘、植保和加工等環(huán)節(jié)機(jī)械化程度較高，其中修剪機(jī)械化率和大宗茶采摘機(jī)械化率均達(dá)90%。
 
　　下一步，杭州市將以創(chuàng)建國家丘陵山區(qū)適用小型機(jī)械推廣應(yīng)用先導(dǎo)區(qū)作為農(nóng)機(jī)裝備補(bǔ)短板主平臺，推進(jìn)茶葉機(jī)械向輕便化、自動化、智能化發(fā)展，全面提升茶產(chǎn)業(yè)裝備、作業(yè)、服務(wù)和科技水平，助力高質(zhì)量打造國家丘陵山區(qū)適用小型機(jī)械推廣應(yīng)用先導(dǎo)區(qū)。

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