首屆大米節(jié)今日開幕——農(nóng)機化助力糧食全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈共融發(fā)展

2018-10-09 17:18:56 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：四夕 閱讀量：42424 評論

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】“凡邦有會同師役之事，則治其糧與其食。”大米在糧食安全中的戰(zhàn)略地位自古以來就頗為穩(wěn)固，“民以食為天”，農(nóng)業(yè)作為基礎(chǔ)性、戰(zhàn)略性產(chǎn)業(yè)，“一碗米”連著的是鄉(xiāng)村振興的大戰(zhàn)略，抓好糧食生產(chǎn)安全，意義重大。
 
　　10月9日，中國首屆大米節(jié)在哈爾濱會展體育中心開幕，展會總面積為12000平方米，設(shè)立稻作文化展、精品大米展、包裝材料展、衍生產(chǎn)品展、燜煮工藝展、水稻品種展區(qū)、品評品鑒互動區(qū)、碾米機展區(qū)、精品工具區(qū)等9個展區(qū)、260個展位，涵蓋了水稻全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的各環(huán)節(jié)。
 
　　首屆大米節(jié)的主題為“稻米飄香世界”，采用“論、品、展、談、獎、觀”相結(jié)合的形式，打造一場大米行業(yè)的盛會。論，開展稻米產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展暨大米品牌論壇；品，開展品鑒品評活動，各國大米同臺競技；展，展示與傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代水稻生產(chǎn)、加工、消費相關(guān)的衣食住行方面的稻作文化；談，開展廣泛的產(chǎn)銷對接和經(jīng)貿(mào)交流活動；獎，宣布2018中國首屆大米節(jié)相關(guān)獎項名單；觀，參會代表進行調(diào)研考察。
 
　　如果說本次大米節(jié)展示的是水稻全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈各個環(huán)節(jié)中的成果，那么，農(nóng)業(yè)機械在大米生產(chǎn)中的重要性更顯突出。農(nóng)業(yè)機械化是農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的重要標(biāo)志，雖然我國農(nóng)業(yè)的全面全程機械化程度還尚有很大發(fā)展空間，但是不可否認(rèn)農(nóng)機行業(yè)的“十年黃金發(fā)展期”使得整個農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈都有了長足的進步，行業(yè)發(fā)展顯著。
 
　　伴隨著農(nóng)業(yè)智能信息處理技術(shù)、云計算、大數(shù)據(jù)、農(nóng)業(yè)與智能裝備等技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，農(nóng)機也更加向化、智能化、網(wǎng)聯(lián)化和綠色化發(fā)展，以智能化為支撐，農(nóng)業(yè)機械在糧食耕種管收各方面都發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。
 
　　耕：土壤耕作機械主要是對耕作層土壤進行加工整理的農(nóng)業(yè)機械，耕整地機械具有打破犁底層、恢復(fù)土壤耕層結(jié)構(gòu)、提高土壤蓄水保墑能力、消滅部分雜草、減少病蟲害、平整地表以及提高農(nóng)業(yè)機械化作業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等作用。
 
　　種：種植機械是按一定的農(nóng)藝要求將作物種子、種塊、種苗等種植物料播種或栽植在土壤中的農(nóng)業(yè)機械。在水稻種植過程中，使用農(nóng)業(yè)機械可以使得在單位時間內(nèi)排出種植物料的數(shù)量穩(wěn)定；在單位面積、單位長度或每穴內(nèi)種植物料的分布均勻；種植物料在田間或地塊上配置的株距、行距、穴距和種植深度基本一致；種植過程中種植物料的損傷少，成活率高。
 
　　管：在水稻生長期的田間管理方面，發(fā)揮作用大的無疑就是植保無人機了。植保無人機是用于農(nóng)林植物保護作業(yè)的無人駕駛飛機，通過地面遙控或?qū)Ш斤w控，來實現(xiàn)噴灑作業(yè)，可以噴灑藥劑、種子、粉劑等。使用植保無人機噴灑農(nóng)藥時，不但在一定程度上加強了對作物的穿透性，防治效果好，同時遠(yuǎn)距離操控施藥還大大提高了農(nóng)藥噴灑的安全性。還能通過搭載視頻器件，對農(nóng)業(yè)病蟲害等進行實時監(jiān)控。
 
　　收：谷物收獲機械是代替人、畜力完成谷物收獲全過程各項作業(yè)所用機械的總稱。一般在農(nóng)作物收獲期，我們往往需要爭搶農(nóng)時，盡量減少因收獲不及時而造成的產(chǎn)品損失和對田間后續(xù)作業(yè)進行的影響，因此，農(nóng)民往往勞動強度大，而受到天氣等條件的制約使得生產(chǎn)效率又相對低下。因此，谷物收獲機械自然便是應(yīng)運而生，實現(xiàn)收獲作業(yè)的機械化在爭農(nóng)時、趕季節(jié)、減輕勞動強度、提高勞動生產(chǎn)率和改善勞動條件等方面都具有重要意義。
 
　　與此同時，在糧食成熟收獲后，糧食烘干又成為了新的難題，“及時烘干，安全入倉”作為糧食生產(chǎn)全程機械化的后一個關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，既能起到確保糧食安全的作用，又能得到有效提高糧食品質(zhì)的功效，對于國家糧食安全、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效益、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量以及農(nóng)民增收具有非常重要的意義。隨著糧食市場的變化、土地流轉(zhuǎn)集中促進規(guī)?；r(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展、農(nóng)機補貼政策的調(diào)整，糧食烘干機這個曾經(jīng)的“小、冷”機種，如今也變得炙手可熱。

上一篇： 那些種下去的經(jīng)濟作物豐收了嗎？

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