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生豬產能逐漸恢復,近一年來做了哪些努力?

2020-09-17 17:34:35 來源:農機網原創(chuàng) 閱讀量:58775 評論

導讀:據(jù)農業(yè)農村部消息,8月份全國生豬產能繼續(xù)較快恢復。截至目前,全國生豬存欄已連續(xù)7個月增長,豬肉市場供應正在逐步改善。

  【農機網 編輯視角】 據(jù)農業(yè)農村部消息,8月份全國生豬產能繼續(xù)較快恢復。截至目前,全國生豬存欄已連續(xù)7個月增長,豬肉市場供應正在逐步改善。
 
  具體來說,根據(jù)相關數(shù)據(jù),8月份有2030個新建規(guī)模豬場投產,今年以來新建規(guī)模豬場投產累計已達11123個,去年空欄的規(guī)模豬場也有11844個復養(yǎng)。而全國年出欄500頭以上規(guī)模豬場數(shù)量也由年初的16.1萬家增長到17.1萬家,8月份新生仔豬2600萬頭,環(huán)比增長了6.7%,比今年1月份的低點增長59.5%。
 
  農業(yè)農村部相關負責人表示,在接下來的第四季度,生豬供需關系將進一步緩和,豬肉價格不會高于上年同期。
 
  除國內生豬供應增長外,在進口方面,今年1-7月豬肉進口255.5萬噸,同比增長138.6%,其中7月份豬肉進口43.2萬噸,同比增長120.2%。隨著市場供應的逐步改善,從8月份以來,豬肉價格震蕩趨穩(wěn),進入9月份后略有下降。9月第2周(9月7日-9月13日)全國集貿市場豬肉價格為每公斤55.65元,環(huán)比下降0.6%。據(jù)專家模擬研判,今年9-12月生豬出欄將逐月增加,累計出欄量雖低于正常年份,但比上年同期增長17.3%,供應形勢好于2019年。
 

白條豬價格曲線圖(圖片來源:農業(yè)農村部網站)
 
  回顧自2019年非洲豬瘟發(fā)生以來,全國生豬供應趨于緊張,豬肉價格上漲幅度猛增,到現(xiàn)在近一年時間內,全國生豬供應已趨向平穩(wěn),豬肉價格也不會再出現(xiàn)較大幅度增長。那么這期間國家相關部門和養(yǎng)殖戶都做了哪些努力來保障普通消費者吃到豬肉?生豬存欄連續(xù)7個月增長背后有哪些政策助力?
 
  對生豬調出大縣資金獎勵,平均每縣600萬元
 
  政策支持一般都離不開財政支持。資金獎勵方面,對標準化大規(guī)模養(yǎng)豬場的扶持政策有生豬調出大縣獎勵資金、能繁母豬和育肥豬保險等。目前國家財政共安排了30億元對生豬調出大縣進行獎勵,生豬調出大縣平均獎勵標準為600萬元。各地可統(tǒng)籌利用生豬調出大縣獎勵資金,支持養(yǎng)殖場開展圈舍改造、良種引進、疫情防控和消毒設施建設等。
 
  生豬生產機具裝備“應補盡補”
 
  在農機補貼方面,農業(yè)農村部辦公廳去年9月印發(fā)《關于加大農機購置補貼力度支持生豬生產發(fā)展的通知》,要求將全國農機購置補貼機具種類范圍內的所有適用于生豬生產的機具品目原則上全部納入本省補貼范圍,“缺什么、補什么”“急事急辦”“應補盡補”;對生豬養(yǎng)殖場(戶)申領補貼優(yōu)先辦理、優(yōu)化服務;加大政策宣傳和技術培訓力度,引導農機企業(yè)積極參與政策實施,支持推動廣大養(yǎng)殖場(戶)購機用機。在農機試驗鑒定方面,指導所屬農機鑒定機構敞開受理能力范圍內的鑒定申請,對省內外農機企業(yè)一視同仁,加快試驗鑒定,及時公布結果。積極支持農機鑒定機構改善檢驗檢測條件,提升試驗鑒定能力。
 
  縮短環(huán)評管理流程,畜禽糞污資源化利用整縣推進
 
  為盡快恢復生豬生產,同時兼顧資源環(huán)境保護工作,中央財政先后安排資金248.7億元,實現(xiàn)全國585個畜牧大縣畜禽糞污資源化利用整縣推進項目全覆蓋。2019年11月,生態(tài)環(huán)境部、農業(yè)農村部聯(lián)合印發(fā)《關于進一步做好當前生豬規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖環(huán)評管理相關工作的通知》,對年出欄5000頭及以上生豬養(yǎng)殖項目探索開展環(huán)評“告知承諾制”改革試點,可不經評估、審查直接審批,縮短建設項目環(huán)評管理流程。2020年上半年,全國已有近千個生豬養(yǎng)殖項目采用告知承諾制方式完成環(huán)評審批,涉及產能9000萬頭。
 
  保障用地
 
  生豬生產用地方面,2019年9月,自然資源部印發(fā)《關于保障生豬養(yǎng)殖用地有關問題的通知》,明確生豬養(yǎng)殖用地按農用地管理,不需辦理建設用地審批手續(xù);允許使用一般耕地,不需占補平衡;增加附屬設施用地規(guī)模,取消15畝上限。2019年12月,自然資源部會同農業(yè)農村部印發(fā)《關于設施農用地管理有關問題的通知》,明確在確實難以避讓的情況下興建生豬養(yǎng)殖設施可以占用少量基本農田,允許建設多層養(yǎng)殖設施。
 
  此外,在金融政策支持方面,允許加大信貸支持力度,完善臨時貸款貼息補助政策,增強政策性農業(yè)信貸擔保作用等均在一定程度上促進了生豬生產恢復。
 
  結語:2019年底印發(fā)的《加快生豬生產恢復發(fā)展三年行動方案》提出了“確保2020年年底前產能基本恢復到接近常年的水平,2021年恢復正常”的目標,從目前情況看,實現(xiàn)這一目標指日可待。
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