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節(jié)糧減損 農(nóng)機人在行動

2021-09-10 09:56:04 來源：中國農(nóng)機化協(xié)會 閱讀量：12133 評論

導讀：2021年9月2日，中國農(nóng)業(yè)機械化協(xié)會在銀川市召開節(jié)糧減損技術及相關標準研討會。與會代表匯報交流各地“陜、鄂、湘、桂、豫五省區(qū)農(nóng)機手勞動安全競賽”活動中開展節(jié)糧減損工作情況，圍繞制定減損技術相關團體標準和開展專題調(diào)研活動提出意見和建議。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關注】 為落實習近平總書記關于毫不放松抓好糧食生產(chǎn)和“厲行節(jié)約、反對浪費”指示精神，深入探討節(jié)糧減損技術措施，2021年9月2日，中國農(nóng)業(yè)機械化協(xié)會在銀川市召開節(jié)糧減損技術及相關標準研討會。與會代表匯報交流各地“陜、鄂、湘、桂、豫五省區(qū)農(nóng)機手勞動安全競賽”活動中開展節(jié)糧減損工作情況，圍繞制定減損技術相關團體標準和開展專題調(diào)研活動提出意見和建議。北京、陜西、江西、湖南、湖北、寧夏等地區(qū)行業(yè)主管部門領導專家、協(xié)會、科研院校及農(nóng)機生產(chǎn)企業(yè)代表30余人參加會議。
 
　　會議認為，按照農(nóng)業(yè)機械化管理司節(jié)糧減損有關工作部署，部農(nóng)業(yè)機械化總站、中國農(nóng)業(yè)機械化協(xié)會分別就夏糧機收過程中存在的機收損失進行多省市實地取點測算，以實際測算結(jié)果為做好減損工作提供了第一手資料，也回應了機械化收獲損失的疑慮，與會行業(yè)專家充分肯定了此次檢測活動取得的成果。
 
　　會議提出，農(nóng)業(yè)機械化聯(lián)合收獲作業(yè)相比較于分段手工收獲具有明顯的經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)出比優(yōu)勢，糧食損耗率明顯降低。機械化聯(lián)合收獲作業(yè)損失程度，與作業(yè)機手操作技術和經(jīng)驗、責任心等多方面因素密切相關。經(jīng)過研討，會議對節(jié)糧減損工作提出三點意見建議：一是加強機手培訓。提升作業(yè)機手綜合素質(zhì)，提高勞動者的技術素養(yǎng)，盡可能降低作業(yè)機手的流動性，保持人員的穩(wěn)定。二是要關注多環(huán)節(jié)減損。影響農(nóng)作物機械化收獲損失的因素是多方面的，包括但不局限于土壤環(huán)境、選種育種、農(nóng)業(yè)機具的應用性、機手操作水平、氣象條件、作業(yè)方式以及運輸、晾曬(烘干)等若干生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)，因此，不僅要關注現(xiàn)場收割環(huán)節(jié)，還要關注各環(huán)節(jié)的損耗問題。三是要提升對收獲環(huán)節(jié)減損認識。集中連片作業(yè)規(guī)模的合作社、種糧大戶等相較于散戶，對于機械收獲損失重視度以及對作業(yè)質(zhì)量的精細程度要求更高。因此，應關注具有規(guī)模性、農(nóng)機適用性較高的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)主體的節(jié)糧減損，依靠新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟主體等農(nóng)機力量參與節(jié)糧減損工作，帶動散戶提高對收獲減損的思想認識，加強機收減損規(guī)范化作業(yè)推廣。
 
　　根據(jù)會議要求，為引導農(nóng)機手提高作業(yè)質(zhì)量，規(guī)范農(nóng)機作業(yè)委托商務流程，經(jīng)與會專家充分討論決定成立小麥、水稻、玉米三個主糧作物機械收獲技術操作規(guī)程制定小組，針對各主糧作物機收環(huán)節(jié)的作業(yè)制定指導性標準。
 
　　下一步，中國農(nóng)業(yè)機械化協(xié)會將成立機收減損調(diào)研專項，由專人負責，繼續(xù)做好專題研究工作，深入不同地區(qū)調(diào)研機械收獲作業(yè)損耗，對不同品牌、不同型號的農(nóng)機在不同地域、不同品種、不同作業(yè)條件下收獲損失進行對比，收集第一手資料和數(shù)據(jù)，形成專題研究報告，于年底前公開發(fā)布，為有關部門制定決策提供參考，為持續(xù)做好節(jié)糧減損工作，進一步提高機收作業(yè)質(zhì)量提供技術支撐。

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