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國四的熱鬧與愛科的門道（四）

2022-12-09 08:43:05 來源：愛科中國 閱讀量：12752 評論

導讀：在國四階段，全球系列拖拉機繼續(xù)提供MF 1204-B/MF 1304-B兩個馬力段產(chǎn)品，并全新推出MF 1404-B車型。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 明星企業(yè)】排放雖然不僅僅是排放，它是環(huán)境；但對發(fā)動機本身它就是個排放。需要關注但也不能只關注排放，我們還是要看整體性能，畢竟發(fā)動機不是為了排放而生，是為了干活。小四這個發(fā)動機什么時候誕生的記不太清了，但肯定是2020年以后的，也就是說這是愛科動力集幾十年沉淀的最新技術產(chǎn)品。除了出口版本的，在國三的時候小四就一直裝配在我們?nèi)蛳盗?a href="http://m.epigene.com.cn/shop/tlj_3706.html" target="_blank">拖拉機上在國內(nèi)銷售。所以，大家對這個發(fā)動機和拖拉機都不陌生。就小四而言，國三和國四區(qū)別不是太大，最大的區(qū)別是加裝了234后處理方案。
 
　　之前已經(jīng)講過，我們這個234不是近兩年現(xiàn)逮的，是早就成型成熟的并且驗證多年的方案。除了這個DOC+DPF+SCR后處理，在發(fā)動機本身上也進行了稍許的改進再優(yōu)化。
 
　　首先高壓共軌的壓力進一步提升，又提高了10%以上。當然了，我們在國三時高壓共軌壓力已經(jīng)非常之高了，再提高200bar是很可觀的。相當于一個百米賽跑的選手把100米11秒的成績提高到10秒，簡單的1秒，是具有超越性的。更高的噴射壓力，需要更可靠的硬件支撐，也帶來了更好的燃油霧化，更好的空燃混合，更好的燃燒效率，也就更加的高效有力，激情澎湃。
 
　　在國四機型上，我們應用了電控渦輪增壓，之前的渦輪是純機械式的，在泄壓之前，排氣和增壓完全是剛性關系，也就是增多少壓全看排氣，不想增也得增。而且另一個角度來講也費油，因為渦輪也是耗能的。
 
　　而電控渦輪，是按需增壓，就是依靠軟件和電控功能，使得你缸內(nèi)需要多少壓我就給你增到多少。這么做的好處是始終保持缸內(nèi)的燃油和空氣處于最佳的混合比例。
 
　　這樣的話，一方面發(fā)動機始終處于最佳的燃燒狀態(tài)，有力；另一方面對排放有利，充分燃燒后排放的污染物也會相應少些；再者，每一滴燃油都得到充分的爆發(fā)，那么就省油。而省油這個機設，也是整個愛科動力發(fā)動機始終的標簽，在油價蹭蹭蹭的今天，是不是費油大家得重視起來，省下的才是真正賺到的。
 
　　來個在4缸機上比較少見的。對于三缸機大家不待見的一個主要原因是因為它震動太大，可實際上4缸機兩上兩下的運動方式也是有一定震動的。
 
　　六缸機的120°才相對穩(wěn)定。但是，拖拉機四缸機中應用震動平衡裝置的案例很少，小四就有該裝置。如圖。它是兩個重量偏置的軸，齒輪正時裝配好后，會雙倍速的與發(fā)動機同步運轉，以減少曲柄機構高速旋轉時的震動。
 
　　實際上就是以這兩個偏置重量軸的震動時刻抵消曲柄的震動，使發(fā)動機的震動很小，對發(fā)動機的靜音、減少磨損及省油都有幫助，細節(jié)之處見真章。
 
　　除了在國三的時候就已經(jīng)裝備的柴油散熱器外，小四還裝備了機油冷卻器。機油溫度太高最大的傷害是潤滑能力的降低，會極大的增加發(fā)動機的各部件磨損。外置的機油冷卻器可以保證機油在正常溫度之內(nèi)，以保證良好的機油潤滑。
 
　　搭載小四的拖拉機為愛科全球系列拖拉機，“全球”的含義是：全球生產(chǎn)全球共享，不管哪兒產(chǎn)的用的都是一個技術一個平臺，沒有代差沒有厚此薄彼，都一視同仁，歐洲用的和中國用的，是一樣一樣的。
 
　　在國四階段，全球系列拖拉機繼續(xù)提供MF 1204-B/MF 1304-B兩個馬力段產(chǎn)品，并全新推出MF 1404-B車型。三個馬力段都分兩個版本：智享版和尊享版。這樣的話可以滿足各種不同用戶的使用和購買需求。
 
　　在尊享版的車型上，小四配備了粘性變速風扇，也就是散熱風扇是電控的，會根據(jù)需要自調(diào)整轉速，在始終保持發(fā)動機處于最佳工作溫度的同時，減少發(fā)動機自身能耗。(扇扇子要用力，那么風扇肯定也是耗油的)。小四的最高轉速2200rpm，最大功率轉速2000rpm，最大扭矩轉速1500rpm，看起來數(shù)字越來越小，實際上懂的人都懂，既保證高速下的高功，又保證低轉下的高扭。
 
　　另外，我們在這個馬力段(愛科稱小馬力)也配置了EPM功能。這個EPM功率，最簡單的理解就是大力水手吃了菠菜，力量瞬間提升。但EPM功率提升比菠菜好的地方在于，首先它是主動的，在觸發(fā)條件具備的時候，它自我啟動，不需要任何人工干預。其次，只要觸發(fā)條件一直存在，那么EPM功率提升也一直存在，沒有時間限制，不會消失。
 
　　觸發(fā)條件指的是：作業(yè)速度大于6kph或者PTO在工作，只要滿足其一就觸發(fā)EPM。那么EPM究竟是個啥呢，以我們的MF 1304-B為例，EPM可以提高約5個馬力。在功率本來就有儲備的情況下又可以額外獲得5個馬力，何樂而不為呢。當然了，它是在重負荷作業(yè)的時候，有需要才會爆發(fā)。輕負荷還是標準模式。也就是兼顧了重負荷的動力需求，和輕負荷時的燃油經(jīng)濟性。
 
　　由于本身的技術含量和品質(zhì)穩(wěn)定性一直以來就比較高，再加上我們采用了234含尿素的后處理方案，所以這個國四版本的全球系列拖拉機價格會稍高。不過，如果你的拖拉機是想經(jīng)常用，用長久，而且日復一日的田間駕駛很舒適很享用，不至于晚上停機下車的時候就像小學生放學解放了一樣，那么它還是很值得考慮的。
 
　　關于愛科動力的小四發(fā)動機和麥賽福格森國四版本的全球系列拖拉機，就簡單的給大家提一下，畢竟話多說無益，人不負足以。國四版本的其它部分基本和國三類似，詳情請見之前的講解視頻。
 

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