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山西：發(fā)展智能灌溉及水肥一體灌溉施肥系統(tǒng)，2027年高效節(jié)水灌溉面積170萬(wàn)畝

2024-04-03 14:15:58 來(lái)源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理 閱讀量：37467 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：日前，山西省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳、山西省水利廳聯(lián)合印發(fā)了《全省推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水增效行動(dòng)方案(2024-2027年)》，提出到2025年，全省總灌溉面積達(dá)到2356萬(wàn)畝。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 政策與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】 我國(guó)是用水大國(guó)，但水資源較為匱乏，因此要大力推動(dòng)節(jié)水產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。
 
　　2023年9月，國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委聯(lián)合多部門印發(fā)了《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)水資源節(jié)約集約利用的意見(jiàn)》，從落實(shí)最嚴(yán)格的水資源管理制度，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)、工業(yè)、城鎮(zhèn)、生態(tài)景觀節(jié)水，推廣非常規(guī)水源利用，發(fā)展節(jié)水產(chǎn)業(yè)等方面對(duì)水資源節(jié)約集約利用作出了全面部署。2024年3月，《節(jié)約用水條例》由國(guó)務(wù)院常務(wù)會(huì)議審議通過(guò)并正式公布，自2024年5月1日起實(shí)施。
 
　　作為農(nóng)業(yè)大國(guó)，大力推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水、提高農(nóng)業(yè)用水效率，才能推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色、可持續(xù)、高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。日前，山西省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳、山西省水利廳聯(lián)合印發(fā)了《全省推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水增效行動(dòng)方案(2024-2027年)》(簡(jiǎn)稱《行動(dòng)方案》)，提出到2025年，全省總灌溉面積達(dá)到2356萬(wàn)畝，農(nóng)業(yè)用水總量控制在43億立方米之內(nèi)，農(nóng)業(yè)水價(jià)綜合改革任務(wù)全面完成，農(nóng)田灌溉水有效利用系數(shù)提升到0.58。到2027年，全省總灌溉面積達(dá)到2476萬(wàn)畝，農(nóng)業(yè)用水總量控制在45億立方米之內(nèi)，農(nóng)田灌溉水有效利用系數(shù)提升到0.59。
 
　　《行動(dòng)方案》提出了持續(xù)推進(jìn)農(nóng)田工程節(jié)水、推進(jìn)農(nóng)藝節(jié)水、推進(jìn)管理節(jié)水三大重點(diǎn)工作。
 
　　《行動(dòng)方案》要求，實(shí)施高效節(jié)水灌溉工程，著力建設(shè)農(nóng)田節(jié)水灌溉設(shè)施和配套工程，抓好末級(jí)渠系和田間灌溉管路配套，打通農(nóng)田灌溉“最后一公里”。加強(qiáng)以渠道防滲、管灌、噴灌、微灌為主的節(jié)水工程建設(shè)，適量發(fā)展自動(dòng)控制、節(jié)水高效的智能灌溉及水肥一體灌溉施肥系統(tǒng)。到2027年，發(fā)展高效節(jié)水灌溉面積170萬(wàn)畝。
 
　　同時(shí)，實(shí)施高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)工程，在丘陵山區(qū)6-25度坡耕地上，開(kāi)展旱地高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)，因地制宜建設(shè)“五小”水利工程，配套非充分灌溉補(bǔ)灌設(shè)施，推廣非充分灌溉技術(shù)，擴(kuò)大再生水、集蓄雨水、礦坑水等非常規(guī)水源利用，提高應(yīng)急補(bǔ)灌能力。到2027年,建設(shè)改造高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田940萬(wàn)畝以上，其中建設(shè)改造坡耕地高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田240萬(wàn)畝以上，建設(shè)各類集水設(shè)施容積30萬(wàn)方。
 
　　還要完善有機(jī)旱作農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)體系，分區(qū)建設(shè)一批標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、集約化、規(guī)?；a(chǎn)基地，促進(jìn)降雨資源化利用、抗旱播種保苗、精準(zhǔn)施肥施藥、生物綠色防控等有機(jī)旱作技術(shù)綜合配套使用，突出支持高效節(jié)水技術(shù)推廣。到2027年，建設(shè)有機(jī)旱作農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)基地80萬(wàn)畝以上。
 
　　此外，要加快技術(shù)示范推廣，因地制宜推廣農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水技術(shù)，在含沙量較多的運(yùn)城提黃灌區(qū)，推行渠道防滲管灌加“長(zhǎng)畦改短畦、寬畦變窄畦”的節(jié)水灌溉模式；在清水灌區(qū)，推行管灌、噴微灌、滴灌水肥一體化、測(cè)墑節(jié)灌等高效節(jié)水措施；在太原(晉中)盆地以北地區(qū)和井灌區(qū)積極發(fā)展“全膜覆蓋-膜下滴灌-水肥一體化”三位一體節(jié)水技術(shù)。到2027年，水肥一體化技術(shù)推廣面積40萬(wàn)畝。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(m.epigene.com.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來(lái)源：山西省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳。

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