國務院關于鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展情況的報告

———2019年4月21日在第十三屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十次會議上
2019-04-23 09:26:19 來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部部長 韓長賦 閱讀量：14095 評論

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關注】鄉(xiāng)村振興，產(chǎn)業(yè)興旺是基礎。黨中央、國務院高度重視鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。指出，產(chǎn)業(yè)興旺是解決農(nóng)村一切問題的前提，要推動鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)振興，緊緊圍繞發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)，圍繞農(nóng)村一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展，構建鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)體系。李克強總理強調(diào)，要深入實施“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+農(nóng)業(yè)”，支持返鄉(xiāng)入鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，推動一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展。各有關部門認真貫徹落實黨中央、國務院決策部署，大力實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略，加大扶持力度，強化措施落實，發(fā)展壯大鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)，為經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展大局提供了重要支撐。
 
　　一、鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展取得積極成效
 
　　鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)是根植于鄉(xiāng)村，以農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村資源為依托，以農(nóng)民為主體，以一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展為路徑，地域特色鮮明、承載鄉(xiāng)村價值、創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)活躍、利益聯(lián)結緊密的產(chǎn)業(yè)體系。近年來，各地區(qū)、各有關部門深入貫徹黨的十九大精神，認真落實黨中央、國務院決策部署，以農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化為總目標，以農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結構性改革為主線，采取了一系列有力措施，全力推進鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。加強規(guī)劃引導，中共中央、國務院印發(fā)了《關于實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的意見》和《鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃(2018-2022年)》，對發(fā)展壯大鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)作出專項部署。加大政策扶持，圍繞促進農(nóng)村一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)融合、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)、鄉(xiāng)村休閑旅游、農(nóng)村創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)等，制定實施一系列涉及財政稅收、金融保險、用地用電、科技創(chuàng)新、人才保障等方面的支持政策措施。推進農(nóng)村改革，深化農(nóng)產(chǎn)品收儲制度、農(nóng)村土地制度改革、農(nóng)村集體產(chǎn)權制度以及“放管服”等改革，激活要素、市場和主體，促進鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。營造創(chuàng)業(yè)氛圍，加強鄉(xiāng)村基礎設施建設，推進公共服務向鄉(xiāng)村延伸，每年舉行全國大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)萬眾創(chuàng)新活動周及全國新農(nóng)民新技術創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新博覽會，引導各類人才到鄉(xiāng)村投資興業(yè)。目前，鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展勢頭良好。
 
　　(一)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)加快推進。堅持把保障國家糧食安全作為發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的首要任務，守住國家糧食安全底線，促進農(nóng)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。糧食產(chǎn)能鞏固提升，累計建成高標準農(nóng)田6.4億畝，完成9.7億畝糧食生產(chǎn)功能區(qū)和重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)保護區(qū)劃定任務。2018年糧食產(chǎn)量13158億斤，連續(xù)7年保持在1.2萬億斤以上。棉油糖、果菜魚、肉蛋奶等生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定、供應充足。綠色發(fā)展有力推進，化肥、農(nóng)藥使用量實現(xiàn)負增長，畜禽糞污綜合利用率達到70%，秸稈綜合利用率達到84%，農(nóng)用地膜回收率達到60%，耕地輪作休耕試點超過3000萬畝。技術裝備水平穩(wěn)步提升，農(nóng)業(yè)科技進步貢獻率達到58.3%，主要農(nóng)作物耕種收全程綜合機械化率達到67%。新一代信息技術向農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營、管理、服務拓展。農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結構性改革不斷深化，近3年來累計調(diào)減非優(yōu)勢區(qū)籽粒玉米面積5000多萬畝，調(diào)減低質(zhì)低效區(qū)水稻面積800多萬畝，增加大豆面積2000多萬畝，糧改飼面積達到1400多萬畝。畜禽養(yǎng)殖規(guī)?；蔬_到58%，奶業(yè)振興扎實推進。
 
　　(二)鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)形態(tài)不斷豐富。各地依托鄉(xiāng)村資源，發(fā)掘新功能新價值，培育新產(chǎn)業(yè)新業(yè)態(tài)。特色產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展，形成一批特色鮮明的小宗類、多樣化鄉(xiāng)土產(chǎn)業(yè)，創(chuàng)響特色品牌約10萬余個，認定“一村一品”示范村鎮(zhèn)2400個。農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工深入推進，引導加工產(chǎn)能向糧食等主產(chǎn)區(qū)布局，促進就地加工轉(zhuǎn)化。2018年規(guī)模以上農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工企業(yè)7.9萬家、營業(yè)收入14.9萬億元。休閑農(nóng)業(yè)和鄉(xiāng)村旅游蓬勃發(fā)展，實施休閑農(nóng)業(yè)和鄉(xiāng)村旅游精品工程，建設一批休閑觀光、鄉(xiāng)村民宿、健康養(yǎng)生等園區(qū)景點，2018年接待游客30億人次、營業(yè)收入超過8000億元。鄉(xiāng)村服務業(yè)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展，2018年農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)性服務業(yè)營業(yè)收入超過2000億元，農(nóng)村網(wǎng)絡銷售額突破1.3萬億元，其中農(nóng)產(chǎn)品網(wǎng)絡銷售額達3000億元。
 
　　(三)鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)融合漸成趨勢?？缃缗渲棉r(nóng)業(yè)和現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)要素，促進產(chǎn)業(yè)深度交叉融合，形成“農(nóng)業(yè)+”多業(yè)態(tài)發(fā)展態(tài)勢。融合主體大量涌現(xiàn)，農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化8.7萬家，其中國家重點1243家。注冊登記農(nóng)民合作社217萬家，家庭農(nóng)場60萬個。融合業(yè)態(tài)多元呈現(xiàn)，發(fā)展綜合種養(yǎng)等循環(huán)型農(nóng)業(yè)，稻漁綜合種養(yǎng)面積超過3000萬畝；發(fā)展中央廚房、直供直銷等延伸型農(nóng)業(yè)，2018年主食加工營業(yè)收入達2萬億元；“農(nóng)業(yè)+”文化、教育、旅游、康養(yǎng)、信息等產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。融合載體豐富多樣，建設國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)園62個、國家農(nóng)業(yè)科技園32個、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工園1600個，創(chuàng)建農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)融合示范園148個、農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)強鎮(zhèn)254個。
 
　　(四)利益聯(lián)結機制逐步構建。各地發(fā)展企農(nóng)契約型合作模式，已有1億農(nóng)戶與農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化簽訂訂單，簽約農(nóng)戶經(jīng)營收入超過未簽約農(nóng)戶50%以上。推廣利益分紅型模式，通過“訂單收購+分紅”“保底收益+按股分紅”“土地租金+務工工資+返利分紅”等方式，促進農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收。探索股份合作型模式，形成分工明確、優(yōu)勢互補、風險共擔、利益共享的農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化聯(lián)合體。
 
　　(五)農(nóng)村創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)日漸活躍。制定并落實支持返鄉(xiāng)下鄉(xiāng)人員創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)政策，吸引農(nóng)民工、大中專畢業(yè)生、退役軍人、科技人員等到鄉(xiāng)村創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)。截止2018年，各類返鄉(xiāng)下鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)人員累計達780萬，“田秀才”、“土專家”、“鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)客”等本鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)人員達3100多萬。領域不斷拓寬，由種養(yǎng)向縱向延伸、橫向拓展，創(chuàng)辦的實體87%在鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)以下，80%以上發(fā)展產(chǎn)業(yè)融合項目。層次不斷提升，返鄉(xiāng)下鄉(xiāng)人員50%以上利用信息技術創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)，近90%是聯(lián)合創(chuàng)業(yè)。載體不斷增多，認定農(nóng)村創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)園區(qū)和實訓孵化基地1096個，益農(nóng)信息社覆蓋1/3以上行政村。
 
　　(六)產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧扎實推進。發(fā)展優(yōu)勢特色產(chǎn)業(yè)，在貧困地區(qū)培育農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化1.4萬家、農(nóng)民合作社61萬個，有力帶動建檔立卡貧困戶脫貧致富。建成甘肅定西馬鈴薯、江西贛南臍橙、陜西洛川蘋果、湖北潛江小龍蝦、重慶涪陵榨菜等一批特色產(chǎn)業(yè)集群。積極促進產(chǎn)銷對接，2018年農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部舉辦的各類產(chǎn)銷對接活動，帶動貧困地區(qū)銷售農(nóng)產(chǎn)品超過500億元，促成簽約項目300億元。加強人才培育，在22個脫貧任務重的省份實施農(nóng)技推廣服務特聘計劃，組建科技服務團，培訓帶頭人和大學生村官2萬余人。
 
　　二、當前鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展面臨的困難和問題
 
　　從調(diào)研和基層反映情況看，當前鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展也面臨不少困難和問題。
 
　　(一)發(fā)展質(zhì)量效益不高。多數(shù)鄉(xiāng)村企業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新能力不強，特別是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工創(chuàng)新能力不足，工藝水平落后于發(fā)達國家。產(chǎn)品供給仍以大路貨為主，綠色農(nóng)產(chǎn)品占比較低，休閑旅游普遍存在同質(zhì)化現(xiàn)象，缺乏小眾類、化、中產(chǎn)品和服務，品牌溢價有限。鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)聚集度較低，僅有28%的鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)集中在各類園區(qū)。
 
　　(二)產(chǎn)業(yè)要素活力不足。鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)穩(wěn)定的資金投入機制尚未建立，金融服務仍明顯不足，土地出讓金用于農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村比例偏低。農(nóng)村資源變資產(chǎn)的渠道尚未打通，阻礙了金融資本和社會資本進入鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)。農(nóng)村土地空閑、低效、粗放利用和新產(chǎn)業(yè)新業(yè)態(tài)發(fā)展用地供給不足并存。農(nóng)村人才缺乏，科技、經(jīng)營等各類人才服務鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)的激勵保障機制尚不健全。
 
　　(三)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條仍然較短。一產(chǎn)向后延伸不充分，多以供應原料為主，從產(chǎn)地到餐桌的鏈條不健全。二產(chǎn)連兩頭不緊密，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品精深加工不足，副產(chǎn)物綜合利用程度低，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工轉(zhuǎn)化率僅為65%，比發(fā)達國家低20個百分點。三產(chǎn)發(fā)育不足，農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活服務能力不強。產(chǎn)業(yè)融合層次低，鄉(xiāng)村價值功能開發(fā)不充分，農(nóng)戶和企業(yè)間的利益聯(lián)結還不緊密。
 
　　(四)產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎設施仍然薄弱。一些農(nóng)村供水、供電、供氣條件差，道路、網(wǎng)絡通訊、倉儲物流等設施未實現(xiàn)全覆蓋。產(chǎn)地批發(fā)市場、產(chǎn)銷對接、鮮活農(nóng)產(chǎn)品直銷網(wǎng)點等設施相對落后，物流經(jīng)營成本高。農(nóng)村垃圾集收運和污水處理能力有限，先進技術要素向鄉(xiāng)村擴散滲透力不強。鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的環(huán)境保護條件和能力較弱，工業(yè)“三廢”和城市生活垃圾等污染擴散等問題仍然突出。
 
　　三、推進鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的思路和措施
 
　　按照黨中央、國務院決策部署，要強化政策扶持，加大工作力度，切實抓好落實，大力推進鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展，加快構建現(xiàn)代鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，夯實鄉(xiāng)村振興基礎。
 
　　總體思路是，以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，全面貫徹黨的十九大和十九屆二中、三中全會精神，堅持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村優(yōu)先發(fā)展總方針，牢固樹立新發(fā)展理念，落實高質(zhì)量發(fā)展要求，按照實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略部署，以實現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化為總目標，以農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結構性改革為主線，圍繞農(nóng)村一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展，聚焦重點產(chǎn)業(yè)，聚集資源要素，強化創(chuàng)新，培育發(fā)展新動能，延長產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、提升價值鏈、打造供應鏈，構建地域特色鮮明、承載鄉(xiāng)村價值、創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)活躍、利益聯(lián)結緊密的現(xiàn)代鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，加快形成城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展格局，為全面建成小康社會、實現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村振興奠定堅實基礎。
 
　　圍繞上述思路，重點抓好以下九方面工作：
 
　　(一)優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)空間布局。強化縣域統(tǒng)籌，因地制宜發(fā)展多樣化特色種養(yǎng)，積極發(fā)展特色食品、制造、手工業(yè)等鄉(xiāng)土產(chǎn)業(yè)，推動形成縣城、中心鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))、中心村層級明顯、功能有效銜接的結構布局，促進縣鄉(xiāng)聯(lián)動、產(chǎn)鎮(zhèn)融合、產(chǎn)村一體。推進縣域、鎮(zhèn)域產(chǎn)業(yè)聚集，支持農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)向主產(chǎn)區(qū)縣域布局，支持有條件的地方建設以鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))所在地為中心的產(chǎn)業(yè)集群。支持農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工流通企業(yè)下沉重心，向有條件的鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))和物流節(jié)點集中，促進鎮(zhèn)村聯(lián)動發(fā)展，實現(xiàn)加工在鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))、基地在村、增收在戶。
 
　　(二)持續(xù)做強現(xiàn)代種養(yǎng)業(yè)。創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)業(yè)組織方式，促進種養(yǎng)業(yè)規(guī)?；l(fā)展，向全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈延伸拓展，提高質(zhì)量效益。鞏固提升糧食產(chǎn)能，實施新形勢下國家糧食安全戰(zhàn)略，全面落實基本農(nóng)田特殊保護制度，加快劃定10.58億畝糧食生產(chǎn)功能區(qū)和重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)保護區(qū)。加強高標準農(nóng)田建設，確保2020年完成8億畝建設任務，力爭2022年達到10億畝。加快農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新特別是育種創(chuàng)新，推進農(nóng)業(yè)機械裝備升級。加強生豬等畜禽產(chǎn)能建設，提升動物疫病防控能力，增加肉蛋奶等供給。優(yōu)化生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)和屠宰產(chǎn)能布局，大力發(fā)展草食畜牧業(yè)，推動奶業(yè)振興。推進漁業(yè)健康養(yǎng)殖，提質(zhì)增效。
 
　　(三)大力推進產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展。培育主體帶動融合發(fā)展，引導農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化與合作社和家庭農(nóng)場及小農(nóng)戶開展生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營合作，構建緊密聯(lián)結機制。建設一批農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)強鎮(zhèn)，創(chuàng)建一批農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展示范園，形成多主體參與、多要素聚集、多業(yè)態(tài)發(fā)展、多模式推進的融合格局。支持主產(chǎn)區(qū)大力發(fā)展農(nóng)產(chǎn)品精深加工，統(tǒng)籌農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)地、集散地、銷區(qū)批發(fā)市場發(fā)展，建設一批專業(yè)村鎮(zhèn)、精深加工基地和加工強縣。
 
　　(四)發(fā)展壯大新型經(jīng)營主體。擴大農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化隊伍，打造大型農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)集團，支持農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化向重點產(chǎn)區(qū)和優(yōu)勢區(qū)集聚。發(fā)展農(nóng)民合作社和家庭農(nóng)場，支持開展加工流通等多種經(jīng)營，向綜合合作社方向發(fā)展。扶持一批以農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化帶動、合作社和家庭農(nóng)場跟進、廣大小農(nóng)戶參與的農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化聯(lián)合體，實現(xiàn)抱團發(fā)展。
 
　　(五)著力打造產(chǎn)業(yè)園區(qū)。推進政策集成、要素集聚、功能集合和企業(yè)集中，建設一批國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)園，加快建設一批特色產(chǎn)品基地，認定一批“一村一品”示范村鎮(zhèn)。培育鄉(xiāng)村休閑旅游精品，建設一批設施完備、功能多樣的園區(qū)景點。布局建設一批國家農(nóng)業(yè)高新技術產(chǎn)業(yè)示范區(qū)。
 
　　(六)實施質(zhì)量興農(nóng)綠色興農(nóng)。按照“有標采標、無標創(chuàng)標、全程貫標”要求，制修訂農(nóng)業(yè)投入品、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)、農(nóng)村新業(yè)態(tài)及產(chǎn)品品牌標準。培育一批叫得響、有影響力的區(qū)域公用品牌和企業(yè)品牌，創(chuàng)響一批“土字號”“鄉(xiāng)字號”特色產(chǎn)品品牌。國家明令淘汰的落后產(chǎn)能，列入國家禁止類產(chǎn)業(yè)目錄的，不得進入鄉(xiāng)村。鼓勵加工副產(chǎn)物循環(huán)梯次綜合利用。
 
　　(七)大力推進農(nóng)村創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)。壯大創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)群體，落實創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)扶持政策，支持返鄉(xiāng)下鄉(xiāng)人員創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)，引導返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工到縣城和中心鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)。培養(yǎng)一批農(nóng)村創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)導師和人物。搭建創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)平臺，宣傳推介創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)帶頭人、鄉(xiāng)村企業(yè)家和典型縣，創(chuàng)建一批具有區(qū)域特色的農(nóng)村創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)示范園區(qū)和實訓孵化基地。鼓勵發(fā)展農(nóng)村電商，深入推進“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)，加快實現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村數(shù)字化、網(wǎng)絡化、智能化。加強鄉(xiāng)村工匠、文化能人、手工藝人和經(jīng)營管理人才培訓，提高創(chuàng)業(yè)技能。
 
　　(八)深入推進產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧。咬定脫貧攻堅目標，鞏固和擴大脫貧攻堅成果。支持貧困地區(qū)特別是“三區(qū)三州”深度貧困地區(qū)開發(fā)特色資源，發(fā)展特色優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)。組織國內(nèi)大型加工、采購銷售、投融資企業(yè)及科研單位與貧困地區(qū)對接，開展招商引資，促進產(chǎn)品銷售。引導農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化與貧困地區(qū)合作創(chuàng)建綠色食品、有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品原料標準化生產(chǎn)基地，帶動貧困戶進入大市場。
 
　　(九)健全完善政策體系。一是深化產(chǎn)權制度改革。加快農(nóng)村集體資產(chǎn)清產(chǎn)核資和集體成員身份確認，推動資源變資產(chǎn)、資金變股金、農(nóng)民變股東，發(fā)展多種形式的股份合作。二是引導工商資本下鄉(xiāng)。鼓勵工商資本到鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展農(nóng)民參與度高、受益面廣的鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)。工商資本投入鄉(xiāng)村，不能代替和排擠農(nóng)民，不能侵害農(nóng)民財產(chǎn)權益。三是優(yōu)化財政投入結構。加強一般公共預算投入保障，提高土地出讓收入用于農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村的比例。新增耕地指標和城鄉(xiāng)建設用地增減掛鉤節(jié)余指標跨省域調(diào)劑收益，全部用于鞏固脫貧攻堅成果和支持鄉(xiāng)村振興。鼓勵地方設立鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展基金。四是健全鄉(xiāng)村金融服務體系。推動農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行、農(nóng)村合作銀行、農(nóng)村信用社逐步回歸本源，為本地“三農(nóng)”服務。引導縣域金融機構將吸收的存款主要投放到當?shù)剜l(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)。支持發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)供應鏈金融。發(fā)揮全國農(nóng)業(yè)信貸擔保體系作用，通過實施擔保費用和業(yè)務獎補，加大對符合條件的鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展項目的融資擔保力度。五是加強用地保障?？h域內(nèi)土地占補平衡年度土地利用計劃安排一定比例支持鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。探索針對鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)的省市縣聯(lián)動“點供”用地。加快推進農(nóng)村集體經(jīng)營性建設用地入市改革。盤活農(nóng)村零散分散的存量建設用地，將整治的閑置宅基地、村莊空閑地、廠礦廢棄地、道路改線廢棄地、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)與村莊建設復合用地及“四荒地”，重點用于縣域內(nèi)發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)。完善設施農(nóng)業(yè)用地政策，嚴格規(guī)范，有序發(fā)展。六是加強人才隊伍建設。加強職業(yè)農(nóng)民技能培訓，加快建設知識型、技能型、創(chuàng)新型鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)營管理隊伍。支持職業(yè)院校擴招農(nóng)村生源。加強知識產(chǎn)權保護，支持科技人員以科技成果入股鄉(xiāng)村企業(yè)。

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